Quick Answer
Colorado's mountain and foothill homes face unique wildlife challenges. Common issues include: mule deer (garden browsing, especially in mountain towns), black bears (garbage raiding, bird feeder destruction, especially in foothills), elk (grazing damage, especially in mountain valleys), mountain lions (rare, found in foothills and canyons), and coyotes (present in urban areas including Denver). Identifying tracks, scat, and damage patterns is key to determining which animal is visiting your property.
Colorado Wildlife Yard Guide
Colorado's stunning natural landscape means homes are often built in prime wildlife habitat. From the Front Range to the mountain towns, wildlife encounters are a way of life. Learning to identify the animals by their signs helps you take appropriate precautions.
Wildlife Identification by Sign
| Animal | Tracks | Scat | Damage | Active Season |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mule Deer | Heart-shaped, 2-3 inches | Pellet (1/4-1/2 inch) | Eaten plants at 1-5 ft | Year-round |
| Elk | Large heart-shaped, 3-4.5 inches | Large pellets (1/2-3/4 inch) | Grazing, rubbed trees | Summer-Fall |
| Black Bear | Large, 4-5 inches, 5 toes, claws | Large piles with berries/garbage | Torn garbage, damaged feeders | April-November |
| Mountain Lion | 3-4 inches, round, no claw marks | Segmented, 4-6 inches, covered | Killed deer/livestock | Year-round |
| Coyote | 2.5-3.5 inches, oval, compact | 3-5 inches, hair and bones | Missing pets, howling | Year-round |
Living with Wildlife in Colorado
Bear Safety
Colorado has an estimated 17,000-20,000 black bears. Bear-proof trash containers are required in many mountain communities. Remove bird feeders from April through November. Never leave pet food outside.
Mountain Lion Safety
Mountain lions are found throughout Colorado's foothills and mountains. Keep children close, especially at dawn and dusk. Do not hike alone. If you encounter a lion, do not run — make yourself look large and make noise.
Deer and Elk
Mule deer and elk are common in Colorado yards, especially in mountain towns. Fencing is the most effective deterrent. Use deer-resistant plants in your landscaping.
FAQ: Colorado Wildlife
What is the most dangerous wildlife in Colorado?
Mountain lions and black bears are the most potentially dangerous wildlife in Colorado, but attacks are extremely rare. Vehicle collisions with deer and elk are far more common and dangerous.
How do I keep bears out of my garbage?
Use bear-resistant trash containers (required in many areas). Store garbage in a garage or shed until pickup morning. Clean cans regularly with ammonia to reduce odors. Use bear-proof compost bins.
Professional Wildlife Removal in Colorado
If you need professional wildlife removal or pest control services in Colorado, our local guides cover the following cities:
- Denver, CO — Wildlife & Pest Identification Guide
For help identifying the specific animal causing damage in your yard, see our What Animal Is Digging Holes in My Colorado Yard? guide.
Sources: US Fish and Wildlife Service, USDA Wildlife Services, state wildlife agencies, CDC, academic extension services. This guide is for informational purposes only and does not constitute professional wildlife management advice.